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Tips for a safe route
First of all, we have to clarify that these recommendations are not incompatible or exclusive with any other guide or advice for the good hiker / cyclist. Each measure collected here must be looked at through the magnifying glass of the context of the route. For example, a recommendation of the type "travel light" loses steam when you have to stay overnight for more than one day.
1º Wear appropriate clothing. It seems quite obvious, but the calculation of how warm the clothes should be is not so obvious. Checking the weather the day before departure can be a great ally, especially if the starting point of the route is quite far from your home and temperatures can vary. In general, comfortable and light clothing if the cold allows it is usually the best. There are so many possible options and combinations that we are not going to stop to break them down here, but a garment that is common to hikers and cyclists, and is usually a great comfortable-thermal panacea is the windbreaker.
2º Take hydration and enough food. This is the only point that we must allow to clash with comfort, since dehydration is one of the most serious dangers that beset hikers of all kinds. Do not get us wrong, the liquid container must be comfortable to carry, but you must not skimp on the content, which must be, as we say, always more and not just. Almost all of the world's natural sources of water are unfit for consumption, be it from human waste or cattle feces, so the last thing you want if you have a problem in the forest is having to drink from a river or pond. . The food, on the other hand, must be highly nutritious and if possible caloric. If you lose yourself, it's not the best time to diet.
3º Choose the weight and the backpack well. If you are taking your first steps doing routes, I know what you are thinking. No, do not take your college/university backpack on a field trip. These "academic" backpacks are designed to carry books, so they distribute the weight poorly when it is made up of what you need for a cycling or trail route.
The general rule of thumb here is: wear the smallest pack possible as close to your body as possible without “dancing”. What is strictly necessary for the route will vary depending on its duration and location, but we emphasize here that you have to bring extra hydration. What we can say is what is not strictly necessary and should be left at home for comfort: headphones, speakers, cameras, board games, consoles (yes, we know of cases of people who have taken them on excursions), liquids that they do not hydrate (carbonated drinks, alcohol…) or non-nutritious foods.
4º Do not travel alone. Travel with at least one other person. This is especially important in environments far from civilization, since in the face of a crippling injury, being alone can be disastrous. The countryside and the mountains are not something to be taken lightly, even the forest rangers, so expert on the trails, make them go in pairs. Because of his position, the traveling companion should be a trustworthy person and, if possible, with a better sense of direction than your own.
5º Familiarize yourself with the route beforehand.Before leaving, it is imperative that you do a little study of the area, the possible dangers, temperatures and, above all, the map to follow. You must not follow routes of dubious reliability or that issues may cross protected areas without authorization or private farms. Of course, the source of information on the ground must be reputable and doubtful, as far as possible, of inexperienced hikers and cyclists. Also familiarize yourself with the different types of signs and beacons. If it is a trail route, it looks for the "wind markers" that, with total certainty, other hikers will have placed. A small clarification here on a subject that in its day makes all novices doubt: private hunting reserves can be crossed, as long as another law does not prevent it, since they delimit a private area for hunting,
6º Do not leave the path. Whether by bicycle or walking, the traffic of other hikers and/or animals will have left a noticeable mark, not to say bald, on the ground. This is the path or path to follow and no other. Not only because it is probably the shortest option, but because when you leave you will be adding additional obstacles, crushing vegetation for no reason and, probably, disorienting future hikers who will be suffering from your new "route". All this takes on a special aspect if we are talking about an environment with protected species, crushing which can lead to economic sanctions.
7º The mobile must be an ally, not an enemy.The mobile and route tracking applications, such as OruxMaps, are a wonderful tool that allow you to calmly take a route through even the most unknown of places for one. But the dependence on the phone should not be abused, especially considering that they have limited batteries. Our recommendation here is that if your mobile has what is commonly known as a "cascaded battery", do not venture with it as the only mapping tool in an unfamiliar environment. The battery, in this case, must be long-lived and not open to surprises. The tracking of the route is a function that consumes the battery of a mobile phone moderately quickly, so if you have doubts about whether it will last you or not, just follow the map route with it, without tracking the route.
Indications for responsible access to the rural and natural environment by cyclists and hikers. Rules for the safe coexistence of sports uses in the rural and natural environment.
Spanish Federation of Mountain Sports and Climbing and Royal Spanish Cycling Federation: Indications for responsible access to the rural and natural environment by cyclists and hikers
The Spanish Federation of Mountain and Climbing Sports and the Royal Spanish Cycling Federation, assuming the public responsibility entrusted to practitioners of their respective sports, propose the following code of responsible sports practice in rural and natural environments.
Regarding the inhabitant and the property
1) Park your vehicle in the areas established for this purpose. Leave access to homes, garages and fields clear. Do not make it difficult with your vehicle to pass through roads or trails.
2) For your activities, use public roads and other areas already designated for transit, without entering private property without permission.
3) Leave all the doors, gates, barriers, and other closure or access control elements as you found them, and do not alter them.
4) On your journey, refrain from picking fruits and other cultivated products, do not feed farm animals, do not interfere with the work of the inhabitants of rural areas, and take into account the indications they make.
5) Reduce the noise of your activity to a minimum.
Trash
6) Always carry a bag to collect the garbage that you produce during the activity and deposit it at one of the points where a collection service is provided. Biodegradable remains are also garbage, however much they may decompose in a few weeks or months. Take with you all the garbage that you generate and try to pick up something that you can find in your path.
Animals and cattle in the bush
7) Pass as far as possible from herds and other domestic livestock.
8) In the presence of wild animals, give notice of your presence in advance and avoid them. Do not disturb birds and other animals, especially when they are breeding. Before animals in an aggressive state, move away cautiously without sudden movements.
9) Find out before doing the activity about the restrictions on traffic for environmental reasons that may exist on the route, whether temporary or permanent.
10) Refrain from giving food to the animals you find.
Interaction with the environment
11) Interact with the natural environment in a respectful and discreet way, causing the least possible impact.
12) If in your activity you travel through an archaeological or paleontological site, or a geological enclave, do not take anything with you and communicate, if applicable, the location to the competent authority.
13) Avoid, in your activity, shortcuts and voluntary erosion of the land. Try not to travel off the trail or “cross country”.
14) If you notice the presence of a fire, notify the authorities.
15) If you find yourself on a road or path with unmarked wires, stones, or other unexpected and unpredictable elements that can obviously cause personal injury, take pictures, write down their geolocation, eliminate this dangerous situation, preserve the evidence in a safe place, and when you have the opportunity, inform the authorities.
16) Try not to leave a trace of your activity in the natural environment and do not take flowers, fruits, stones, etc.
17) Comply with current regulations, find out and follow the instructions of the authorities. If you come across areas that are temporarily closed, for whatever reason, look for an alternative.
Rules for the safe coexistence of sports uses in the rural and natural environment.
The Spanish Federation of Mountain Sports and Climbing and the Royal Spanish Cycling Federation, as responsible for the development of their respective sports, and for the responsibility they assume to ensure the safety of the users of the roads and trails and their coexistence in the rural and natural environment, propose the following scenario of coexistence both for their federated members and for the people who carry out these sports in Spain.
1. The coexistence of the sports uses of the two federations, on the same road in the natural and rural environment, is a growing phenomenon that requires education, common sense, coordination, collaboration, mutual understanding and generosity on the part of all.
2. People who use sports or leisure activities do not own the roads and trails, but are responsible for their preservation and good shared use.
3. Special attention will be paid to people with disabilities, people with reduced mobility, the elderly or young people. They will be given right-of-way when detected, possible and necessary.
4. Users must adapt their speed to their experience and physical conditions, to the safety conditions, characteristics, state and visibility of the road, to the speed limits established in the regulations, to the risk of coinciding with other users, to the weather and environmental conditions, and to any other circumstance that occurs at all times.
5. In case of overtaking, crossings, and especially dangerous maneuvers, the speed must be adapted to the circumstances of the moment and place. Respectfully mark and warn your hands open to other users and even if you have preference use prudence, be diligent and think about those who share the route or road.
6. All of us who use paths and trails for sport or leisure have the duty to be respectful of traditional uses. You must respect the priority of livestock transit and other rural uses.
7. When there is a signposted route, the priority of passage that has been specially established must be respected.
8. In the event that there is no established priority of passage on a route or road, the following rules are proposed for sports or leisure uses:
I In wide roads > 2.5 m
I.1. Given the perspective of a shared use of individual practitioners, they will travel as close as possible to the right side of the road, depending on their direction of progression.
I.2. In the case of crossing two or more groups of the same or different modes of mobility, each group must adapt the speed of transit to the circumstances and arrange themselves in single file and to their right according to their direction of progression.
I.3. In the event of having to overtake, the people who overtake will do so on the left side of the road depending on their direction of progression, they must reduce speed as much as necessary in advance and signal the maneuver audibly or verbally and respectfully, all this to carry out overtaking as safely as possible. The advanced person or groups will be arranged in single file and on their right.
II In the case of narrow roads < 2.5 m and especially in paths < 1 m
II.1.All people, regardless of their mode of mobility and direction of travel, must make their best efforts to facilitate crossing or overtaking manoeuvres.
II.2. In general, hiking traffic is established as a priority and cyclists in second place.
II.3. In the case of groups, the first and the last (depending on whether it is a crossing or an overtaking) of each one of them will verbally indicate the number of members of the same to the other, trying to group as much as possible to carry out the overtaking in the shortest time. possible.
III On descents, ascents or roads with difficulty
The right-of-way will be given, whenever possible, to users with less maneuverability, also taking into account the effort or difficulty for specific mobility in certain places. In the case of reduced visibility, precautions will be taken to guarantee the safety of users
Download original document: Acceso al Medio natural. Convivencia de usos RFEC y FEDME